Drawing on Milgrams Classic Laboratory Research on Obedience

Title: Drawing on Milgrams classic laboratory research on obedience Examine and Asses the relevance of laboratory based research to real life. Please consider the suggestion below. 1)- How do laboratory settings differ from everyday situations, and how does this shape the extent to which we can generalise from evidence gathered in such settings to everyday situations? 2)What are the advantages and disadvantages of laboratory based research? 3)Applicability of Milgram s work to real life situations that is ,its relevance to understanding the actions of perpetrators of the holocaust. Laboratory settings have various differences to incidents that occur in real-life situations. Firstly, laboratory settings occur at one specific period in one specific place to one carefully selected sample of participants. Relating this to Milgrams experiment, his study was conducted with the purpose of investigating whether people are inherently predisposed to follow orders. Milgrams question, to be specific, was the following: Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could we call them all accomplices? (Milgram, 1963). Problems with this are diverse: Firstly, Milgrams experiment was conducted in the 1960s. This was a post-war period that may conceivably be more muted in its expression of bigotry, aside from which the period faced different challenges than that of the 1930s (during which the Holocaust appeared). DeterminingShow MoreRelatedFalse Confession3680 Words   |  15 Pageshad confessed to police, that the percentage is far higher in capital murder cases (White, 2003), and that these discovered instances represent the tip of an iceberg (Drizin Leo, 2004). After reviewing a number of cases throughout history, and drawing on theories of social inï ¬â€šuence, Wrightsman and I proposed a taxonomy that distinguished three types of false confessions: voluntary, compliant, and internalized. Still used today, this classiï ¬ cation scheme has provided an important Address correspondenceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFoundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 ManagementRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra

Internet Searching - 2502 Words

INTERNET SEARCHING AUGUST 2012 Preface Online search / internet searching has become an essential for students and scholars. What typically took place in libraries, by phone calls or visits to experts in the field is being changed because of the Internet. Experts can sometimes be contacted by email and information, whether it is addresses, phone numbers, or detailed specifics on a certain subject, can be accessed on the World Wide Web. Search Engines have become the most important tools in locating this information, so it is important to know how to use them effectively. Search skills can be developed through practice in using the search engines and by reading the help pages provided by the†¦show more content†¦The appeal of the Internet to these bodies was obvious, as it allowed disparate institutions to connect to each others computing systems and databases, as well as share data via E-mail. The nature of the Internet changed abruptly in 1992, when the U.S. government began pulling out of network management, an d commercial entities offered Internet access to the general public for the first time. This change in focus marked the beginning of the Internets astonishing expansion. In addition to text documents, the Internet makes available graphics files (digitized photographs and artwork), and even files that contain digitized sound and video. Through the Internet, you can download software, participate in interactive forums where users post and respond to public messages, and even join chats, in which you and other users type (and, in some cases, speak) messages that are received by the chat participants instantly. Obviously, the Internet can bring you a whole host of capabilities. But how can they be put to practical use? Among the ways that users take advantage of the Internet are: †¢ Sharing research and business data among colleagues and like-minded individuals. †¢ Communicating with others and transmitting files via E-mail. †¢ Requesting and providing assistance with pro blems and questions. †¢ Marketing and publicizing products and services. †¢ Gathering valuable feedback and suggestions from customers and businessShow MoreRelatedThe, An Eye Opening Book By Nicholas Carr1125 Words   |  5 Pagesled to the invention of an efficient, revolutionary organization of knowledge: the search engine. For example, Google provides an online outlet to a seemingly infinite amount of information for internet users worldwide. Google is widely known as a necessity for everyday life: an incredible tool for searching the vast expansions of the world-wide web. Carr, frightened by the technological change that Google brings, describes how we are perpetually stuck between two modes of thinking. The online organizationRead MoreFinding Research Related To Emerging Topics Related To1005 Words   |  5 Pagesexpressions. In drop-down menus, add as many words or phrases to increase the search result. A database search with specific word phrases keywords, and other predefined limiters can be added such as a time frame is essential to current articles. Searching the Capella University Library databases requires a thorough understanding of researching and capturing articles of specific interest. Utilizing the library resources must be considered and explored extensively. In conducting searches draw downRead MoreEbsco Describes Itself As ‘The Leading Discovery Service1041 Words   |  5 Pagesalways accurately define the article’s location. (EBSCO Host, 2016) One of the advantages of this platform is its thesaurus and predictive search terms which allow you to search at ease. Other databases for example Passport are only capable of searching an exact phrase in an exact term. EBSCO Host manages to predict your search, or similar searches which helps those who may lack confidence. EBSCO states that its ‘neutral relevance ranking strategy uses numerous criteria, including term frequencyRead MoreGooglization4259 Words   |  18 Pagesare many kinds of information retrieval tools existing in the internet for Librarian and patron usage which allows access to thousands of documents in the internet. The internet is composed of numerous computer networks worldwide and has become a powerful tool for information storage, retrieval and dissemination. Locating specific information from such a huge network may require numerous search techniques, time and patience when searching for a subject in the web even if the information is just a clickRead MoreAn Evaluation of Library Databases and Resources for Use in Research828 Words   |  4 Pagescom/lib DATABASE: (NCU Library) - Ebrary KEYWORDS: Educational Technology, Internet in Education, E-Learning SEARCH LIMITERS: Education SKILLS IN THIS DATABSE: This is the first time searching using this database. I encountered many problems, even though I did view the NCU library tutorial. With perseverance I was finally able to navigate through the database. I need much more experience with library searching in all aspects. I just need to be patient and spend more time in the libraryRead MoreNavigating The Csu Global Library1449 Words   |  6 PagesEBSCO was also chosen due to the focus on business related articles. Comparing these databases on a business-related topic will prove which one has the best outcome. Searching, navigating, narrowing the scope and using the article tools are all important parts to identifying the right research. Badke (2014) states in reference to searching databases that â€Å"if you want results that reflect what you are seeking in your research question, then use such terminology that comes out of your research question†Read MoreSearch Techniques Used By Google Scholar 1966 Words   |  8 Pages When searching the above four databases the search techniques I used were: After selecting a topic the next step is to identify, in a structured way, the appropriate and related information. A systematic approach is most likely to generate a beneficial review. Searches for literature reviews are attempted most ordinarily utilizing PCs and electronic databases. PC databases offer access to immense amounts of data, which can be recovered more effortlesslyRead MoreMissing Persons Essay2244 Words   |  9 Pagesrationally and not have a clear objective, therefore wander about pointlessly. Searching has strict guidelines that the police must obey to legally secure and preserve evidence. The police have to obtain consent from the owner before searching the premises and if the consent is withdrawn before the searching officers have finished their search, then the search is no longer legal and they cannot carry on searching. Section 23 of the PACE Act 1984, states what can be searched i.e. any vehicle etcRead MoreHow A Text And Then Searching The Internet For Websites, Videos, And Images1124 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction and Objective We learned about how reading a text and then searching the Internet for websites, videos, and images can help in understanding the topic better. It can also help in making a decision about whether you are more inclined to believe an argument when the original text you read was a persuasive text. With more information, you can make better choices, but remember that not everything on the Internet is trustworthy and true! Today s lesson objective is: Students will beRead MoreThe Impact Of Internet On Public Opinion On Society1217 Words   |  5 PagesToday, the Internet is where society can find any type information, including the news worldwide. Companies, advertisers and online systems have personalized Internet experiences to draw in users. In other words, users are forced to read certain topics based on their search history and are recommended more of the same topics. This causes a large impact on public opinion in society, but the ability to find diverse content is more of an issue. The challenges to overcome diversity include, the user

Percentages in Our Life Free Essays

Percentages in real world Keywords: math, divide, percentage, interest, persent change Around the year 1260, the philosopher Roger Bacon wrote: â€Å"Mathematics is the door and the key to the sciences†¦ for the things of this world cannot be made known without a knowledge of mathematics†. Centuries later this is as true as ever. Mathematics is unique. We will write a custom essay sample on Percentages in Our Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is both a beautiful and fascinating world of abstract structures and ideas and a down-to-earth, practical subject at the heart of modern science and technology. Much of its attraction comes from studying the relationship between theory and practice – an elegant theorem on complex functions, for example, also governs the lift on an aircraft wing, and apparently highly abstract algebraic results have important consequences in data security. There is one of the way to express how large/small one quantity is, relative to another quantity in math we use percentage. A percentage is a part of something expressed as a value out of a hundred. Percentages are an important part of our everyday lives. Some examples include: sales and discounts interest rates percentage chance of rainfall xam results statistics and survey results sports statistics. Percentage is a very handy way of writing fractions. Percentages can be compared more easily than fractions(fraction (from Latin: fractus, â€Å"broken†) represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts, for example, one-half, eight-fifths, three-quarters). A percent can always be written as a decimal, and a decimal can be written as a percent, by moving the decimal point two places to the right. The history of percentages goes back to the ancient Egyptians who wrote numbers (based on tens) alongside pictures called hieroglyphs. The idea of xpressing parts of the whole are constantly in the same proportions, due to practical considerations, was born in ancient times from the Babylonians, who used the sexagesimal fractions. Already in Babylonian cuneiform tables are problems on the calculation of interest. Interest and have been known in India. Indian mathematicians calculated the percentages, using the so-called rule of three, that is, using a proportion. Examples: 1)To calculate a percentage value from absolute numbers Peter scores 25 out of 32 in an exam, what is his result as a percentage? To calculate Peter’s percentage score it is necessary to change ’25 out of 32†² into ‘? ut of 100’. So: 25/32=? /100 This is done by multiplying the actual score by 100: 25/32 x 100 = 78% So 25/32 is the same as 78/100 So John got 78% in his exam. 2)To calculate the true value a percentage represents A camera normally costs ?120 but in the sale it has been reduced by 15%. How much discount does this represent? (ie 15% of 120) 15% of 120 = 15 ‘out of 100’ of 120. 15 ‘out of 100’ can be written as 15/100 So: =15/100*120 =0. 15*120 =18 Therefore 15% represents ?18 discount on the camera, the sale price being ?102 (?120 less discount ?18). 3)To calculate percentage increases and decreases Percent increase and percent decrease are measures of percent change, which is the extent to which something gains or loses value. Percent changes are useful to help people understand changes in a value over time. Let’s look at example of percent increase and decrease. A particular brand of milk cost 35 per bag last week. This week it costs 42 per bag. By what percentage has the price risen? Percentage increase = Actual increase/Original value x 100 In these example: actual increase = 42 – 35 = 7 original value = 35 Therefore: Percentage increase = 7/35 x 100 = 0. 2 x 100 = 20% The price has risen by 20%. )To compare or combine results with different base values Dina sat two exams last week. In science she scored 68 out of 100. In maths she scored 39 out of 60. Which subject did she do the best in? This is not instantly clear. The results would be easier to compare if they had the same base – ie they were both ‘out of’ the same number. The easiest wa y to do this is to change them both to percentages. Use the same method as with Peter’s exam results earlier. Make them both ‘out of 100’. Science: 68 out of 100 = 68% This one is easy because the mark is already out of 100. Maths: 39 out of 60 = ? ut of 100 39/60 x 100 = 65% So, Dina did better in her science exam than her maths exam. 5)Percentages more than 100% This can seem confusing. Sometimes 100% represents a whole one. For example, in exams you can’t do any better than 100% as this represents all the marks available. Likewise when looking at percentage chances, there can be no more than a 100% chance of rain. This represents a certainty. However, there are other situations where you can use percentages that are more than one hundred. For example, a country experiencing hyper-inflation can have an inflation rate of, say, 300%. If you think of this as 300 ‘out of a hundred’, this may seem impossible. However, you could think of it as 300 ‘for every hundred’ and then it makes more sense. After all, any percentage gives a score ‘for every hundred’. An exam result of 68% is 68 correct answers for every hundred questions. Looking back at the inflation situation, you now need 300 more units of currency for every hundred units you needed before. If you are not sure whether you can use percentages greater than one hundred in a particular situation, the best way to check is to invent some numbers or an example and see if the result is sensible. ) A table normally sells for J750; in a sale it is reduced by 180%. Does this make sense? First, what is 180% of 750: 180% x 750 = 1350 So, how much would the table be in the sale (750 – 1350 = – 600)? As the table cannot be sold for less than nothing, it does not make sense, percentages greater than 100 cannot work in thi s situation. b) A shoe manufacturer sells 10,000 pairs of trainers in the month of May. During the World Cup demand increases and by August sales have risen by 180%. Does this make sense? First work out 180% of 10,000: 180% x 10,000 = 18,000 So the manufacturer sold 18,000 more pairs of trainers in August than in May. This would mean that sales of trainers in August totalled 28,000 (10,000 + 18,000). This does make sense, so percentages greater than 100 can be used in this context. Why do we use percentages? The use of percentages in many financial situation is so natural that is is worth spending a few moments considering why this is so. If you need to divide something up into portions so that each person gets an appropriate share of the whole then percentages are a good way to go about it. If a pie is divided into two parts so that A gets twice as much as B then the appropriate percentages are 66. 66% and 33. 33%. As long as the pie is shared out into these percentages the two-to-one ratio will be maintained. When relative importance is gauged as a ratio then a percentage allocation is appropriate. However notice that as the total amount to be divided increases the absolute gap between what A and B receive increases. This property of a percentage increase/decrease of keeping ratios fixed is less arguably appropriate when what is being shared is less obvious. For example. f A and B work for an hourly rate of $20 per hour and $10 per hour then a percentage wage rise of 10% will keep the two-to-one payment the same at $22 per hour and $11 per hour. However the differential between the two rates of pay has jumped from $10 to $11. If a percentage increase is repeatedly applied the differential between the hourly rates goes on steadily rising even though the two-to-one ratio remains unchanged. This isn’t necessarily wrong but it is important that all concerned understand that a percentage increase or decrease keeps existing ratios fixed but changes absolute differences. How to cite Percentages in Our Life, Papers

Reconstruction Was it truly beneficial Essay Example For Students

Reconstruction Was it truly beneficial Essay Reconstruction was a time period, following the Civil War, which focused on rebuilding the nation. Reconstruction was primarily focused with readmitting the seceded states into the Union. Another major issue was the condition of the approximately 4 million freedmen. When slavery was abolished in the Thirteenth Amendment, Southerners used black codes to retain control over blacks. These state laws varied in strictness and detail from state to state; they abased the status of the freedmen by regulating their activities and treating them as social and civil inferiors. Generally black codes were not beneficial, because the supposedly freedmen were treated little more than slaves. Furthermore, to define the status of freed men and women and control their labor, some legislatures merely revised large sections of the slave codes by substituting the word freedmen for slave. (pg. 448 Nortan) Congress would not stand for such injustice. In 1865 the Freedmens Bureau was established. The Freedmens Bureau is considered by many to be a failure because blacks were living in poverty and were still victims of injustice. Despite the many criticisms, the Freedmens Bureau did help African-Americans gain numerous humanitarian reforms, most importantly the right of education. Slaves had been denied of such simple rights as to read a book at their own will. Education was freedom from slaverys incarcerating ignorance. The federal government and northern reformers of both races assisted this pursuit of education. Given the eventual failure of Reconstruction, the gains that African-Americans made in their daily lives often proved the most enduring. pg 460 Nortan In spite of its achievements, the Freedmens Bureau did not solve the serious economic problems of African Americans. Most of them continued to live in poverty. They also suffered from racist threats and violence and from laws restricting their civil rights. All these problems cast a deep shadow over their new freedom. Violence against African-Americans occurred from the first days of the Reconstructionklansmen rode to frustrate Reconstruction and keep the freedman in subjection. Nighttime harassment whippings, beatings, and murder became common, and terrorism dominated some areas. Nortan Pg. 458 In spite of its achievements, the Freedmens Bureau did not solve the serious economic problems of African Americans. Most of them continued to live in poverty. They also suffered from racist threats and violence and from laws restricting their civil rights. All these problems cast a deep shadow over their new freedom. (http://www.campus. northpark.edu/history/WebChron/USA/14Ammend.html) Bibliography: (http://www.campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/USA/14Ammend. html) .